[Tisk] [Poslat e-mailem] [Hledat v článcích]Inspections on pressure-bearing equipment (initial and recurring) Datum: 26.1.2005Autor: Dipl.-Ing. P. Czapek Working Group Pressure (WGP)Table Austria, Italy - current situation, planed, Inspections on pressure-bearing equipment (initial and recurring) Comparison of national features of various EU countries and the USA (API regulations) Compiled by D.I. Peter Czapek | | Pressure vessels | Steam boilers | Piping | Remarks | | Scope of application1 | Inspection group classification based on the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) Examples of pressure vessels with obligation of Recurring Inspection: Group 1 gas: Category II and higher Group 2 gas: Category II and higher; Exceptions: PS < 4 bar or operating medium is steam or superheated water Steam and super- Category II and higher; heated water: Exception: V < 1 liter | Obligation of recurring inspection for all types of containers for steam generation with a volume > 25 liter | Inspection group classification based on the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED). Examples of piping with obligation of recurring inspection: Group 1 gas: Categories II
and III Group 2 gas: Categories II
and III | 1 Essentially, only pressure systems with gaseous contents subject to recurring inspection. | | Responsibility | The operator is responsible for inspection at the correct intervals (Recurring Inspection, recurring requalification) | | | Official supervision | Ministry of Economic Affairs, Finance, and Industry, with headquarters in Paris together with the responsible offices: § DARPMI (Direction de l'Action Régionale et de la Petite et Moyenne Industrie) § SDSI (Sous-direction de la Sécurité industrielle) § DGAP (Département gaz et appareils à pression) | | | Implementation of inspection | Recurring Inspections Normal (see below): Technical personnel without recognition
Exception: rapid-opening autoclaves è recognition by ASAP1, Bureau VERITAS, GAPAVE2
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[endif] Requalification (see below): Recognition by ASAP1, Bureau VERITAS, GAPAVE2 required (the operator's own test personnel are expressly included here) Functional test: For rapid-opening autoclaves, recognition by ASAP1, Bureau VERITAS, GAPAVE2 Commissioning test: Recognition by ASAP1, Bureau VERITAS, GAPAVE2 required | 1L'association Pour La Sécurité des Appareils à Pression 2Groupement des Associations des Propriétaires d'Appareils à Vapeur et Électriques | | Documentation1 | § Certificate of conformity § Operating instructions § Workshop drawings § Design data (e.g. operating data, corrosion factors) § Material certificates § Welding information and information incl. certificates relating to NDT and heat treatment | 1 The documents listed only involve the design and manufacturing documentation required for pressure vessels with Recurring Inspections. No details were given in the source text with regard to any inspection documents in the context of the Recurring Inspections. | | Inspections | Initial inspection | Prior to commissioning: Autoclaves only Checking in the context of the commissioning phase as to whether the pressure-bearing equipment can be safely commissioned. | Prior to commissioning: Checking in the context of the commissioning phase as to whether the pressure-bearing equipment can be safely commissioned. | No details | | | External inspection | 18 Months: Autoclaves only Generally, together with Recurring Inspections. Checking as to whether the pressure-bearing equipment can be operated safely. The inspection includes testing of the safety-related elements of the operating instructions (“regulations tests”). | 18 months: Boilers without constant monitoring only Generally, together with Recurring Inspections. Checking as to whether the pressure-bearing equipment can be operated safely. The inspection includes testing of the safety-related elements of the operating instructions (“regulations tests”). | No details | 1 The inspection interval may be substantially less than the maximum inspection interval depending on the concrete application. | | Internal inspection Pressure test | Up to 40 months:1 Technical personnel without recognition Checking that the pressure-bearing equipment does not display any safety defects. Generally, the inspection consists of an Internal and External Examination of the pressure-bearing equipment and the safety-related fittings. Up to 10 years:1 Technical personnel with recognition Requalification inspection Generally, the inspection consists of an Internal and External Examination of the pressure-bearing equipment, pressure test (test pressure as in the manufacturing pressure test - no explicit pressure details in the master text), and inspection of the safety-related fittings. | Up to 18 months:1 Technical personnel without recognition Checking that the pressure-bearing equipment does not display any safety defects. Generally, the inspection consists of an Internal and External Examination of the pressure-bearing equipment and the safety-related fittings. Up to 10 years:1 Technical personnel with recognition Requalification inspection For content, see “Pressure vessels” | Up to 10 years:1 Requalification inspection For content, see “Pressure vessels” (Other recurring inspections by technical personnel without recognition without fixed inspection intervals, but as necessary) | | Insp. in spec. cases | Prior to recommissioning following extensive changes to the pressure vessel and following damage | |
| | Pressure vessels | Steam boilers | Piping | Remarks | | Scope of application | Pressure vessels in Inspection Classes 1 and 2 Transportable pressure vessels | All steam boilers with the exception of “smaller steam boilers” (without further details) | Pipe systems in Inspection Classes 1 and 2 | | | Responsibility | No details | | | Official supervision | Arbejdstilsynet (state occupational health & safety authority), with headquarters in Copenhagen | | | Implementation of inspection | § By the Arbejdstilsynet for pressure-bearing equipment in Inspection Class 1 § By certified experts for pressure-bearing equipment in Inspection Class 2 § In the case of transportable pressure vessels covered by Pressure Equipment Directive (PED), by nominated test institutions | Arbejdstilsynet | § By the Arbejdstilsynet for piping in Inspection Class 1 § By certified experts for piping in Inspection Class 2 | | | Documentation | No details | | | Inspections1 | Initial inspection | Acceptance test on pressure vessels at installation | Acceptance test on steam boilers at installation | Acceptance test on pipe systems at installation | 1 The individual types of inspection are not explicitly differentiated in the original text on which this is based. 2 Special provisions for various types of pressure vessel 3 Special provisions for riveted steam boilers 4 Special provisions for acetylene pipe systems | | External inspection Internal inspection Pressure test | Every 2 years:2 Operator inspection Every 4 years: 2 Inspection Every 6 years: (Transportable pressure-bearing equipment only) Inspection | Every year:3 Operator inspection Every 3 years:3 Inspection Every 6 years:3 Pressure test | Every 2 years: 4 Operator inspection Every 6 years: 4 Inspection | | Insp. in spec. cases | No details | | [if !supportMisalignedColumns][endif]
| | Pressure vessels | Steam boilers | Piping | Remarks | | Scope of application | Recurring Inspections are obligatory for all pressure vessels with fluids (gaseous, liquid, steam) in the case of pressures above atmospheric pressure. Exceptions1 comprise pressure vessels where: § PS < 2 bar and § PS×V < 3000 bar×liter | Recurring Inspections are obligatory for all pressure-bearing equipment for steam at pressures above atmospheric pressure. Exceptions1 comprise: Apparatus for generating steam or superheated steam where: § PS < 0.5 bar, § PS×V < 200 bar×liter, and § TS £ 110°C Other apparatus for steam or superheated steam where: § PS < 2 bar, § PS×V < 1000 bar×liter, and § TS £ 130°C Steam boilers where: § PS < 2 bar, § PS×V < 500 bar×liter, and § TS £ 125°C | Recurring Inspections are obligatory for all piping with fluids (gaseous, liquid, steam) in the case of pressures above atmospheric pressure. Exceptions1 comprise piping where: § PS < 4 bar and § PS×Di (2) < 1000 bar×mm | 1 Other exceptions for certain pressure-bearing equipment defined by the ITC (see Footnote 2 in “Inspections”) 2 Di = internal diameter of the pipe | | Responsibility | No details | | | Official supervision | Regional Economic Affairs Offices (e.g. for the Lisbon metropolitan area: Direcção Regional de Economica de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo) Instituto Português da Qualidade (IPQ) | | | Implementation of inspection | Test organizations accredited under EN 45004: § Instituto de Soldadura e Qualidade (ISQ) § RINAVE - Qualidade e Segurança (ACE) § CIAT Portuguesa - Consultoria, Inspecção e Auditorias Técnicas (Grupo SGS) § Instituto Tecnológico do Gás (ITG) | | | Documentation | No details | | | Inspections1 | Initial inspection External inspection Internal inspection Pressure test | Pressure-bearing equipment must be inspected at an interval of 5 years unless defined otherwise in the ITCs2. (No details relating to inspection in the source text) | 1 The individual types of inspection are not explicitly differentiated in the original text on which this is based. 2 ITC = Instruções Técnicas Complementares These are State-recognized technical regulations for pressure vessels, pressure-bearing equipment for the production and storage of deep-cooled liquids, LPG, steam generators, and compressed air vessels. The following topics are covered: § installation § operation § repair, and § conversion | | Insp. in spec. cases | No details | |
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